A Discussion I Hope We Can Avoid

By Leon H Wolf Posted in Comments (53) / Email this page » / Leave a comment »

Full Disclosure: Leon Wolf is the E-Campaign Coordinator for the Sam Brownback for President Campaign.

Promoted from diaries - Krempasky

First of all, given the number of people here who labor under the mistaken belief that I'm Catholic, it's probably necessary to clarify that I'm not, in fact, Mormon. In fact, I find a number of their beliefs to be bizarre and wrongheaded. Nevertheless, I personally hope that during the 2008 Presidential campaign, we can avoid the discussion that so many pundits have told us is inevitable: the one about whether holding Mormon beliefs somehow disqualifies one from holding elective office, or at the very least from being someone that mainstream Republicans would feel comofortable voting for. I contend that this discussion is neither necessary nor fruitful, and that I hope that no Republican will avoid voting for Mitt Romney (or any other politician) on the basis of their Mormonism.

Obviously, I'm not a Mitt Romney guy when it comes to the primary season, but I intend to support him fully in the general if it comes to that. However, as I'm sure that everyone on this blog knows by now, Romney is a Mormon, and could well be the first Mormon to make a serious run at the White House. This, we are constantly told, means that a national discussion about whether a Mormon could possibly be palatable to Evangelicals and/or Catholics, is coming. This, I contend, is hogwash.

As I said above the fold, I don't agree with a lot of what Mormons believe and practice. I would think that would be facially obvious; after all, if I did, I'd *be* a Mormon. Then again, where I attend, we do not use any instrumental music in worship, we believe in baptismal regeneration, we disbelieve in original sin, and have lots of other beliefs that might seem strange to Evangelicals and/or Catholics. Now, I'm not saying that it's a good idea for people of different religious persuasions to simply pretend that that their doctrinal differences do not exist - any of my fellow RedState editors can tell you that I've long argued that the current ecumenical trend is dangerous to the Christian faith as a whole - we have differences, we believe different things, and it is right to fight for and defend those beliefs. But it's vitally important to remember that we're not discussing whether we should all hold a joint worship session together; we're discussing whether we can vote for a man to elected office. As such, the consideration should not be whether we can agree theologically, but whether we share a sufficiently overlapping set of values that would allow us to be in a voting coalition together.

An honest assessment of this question can only yield an emphatic "Yes!" I've been privileged to know quite a few Mormons over the years, and to call several my friends. My personal observation is that their commitment to the tenets of their faith - and to some tenets that we share in common - is admirable, and enough to shame the average member of the mainline Christian denomination. What I *also* know about Mormons is that they are among the most reliable - if not the most reliable - Republican voting bloc in the country. That is not to say that I view our Mormon friends as a means to an end - rather, I view this as proof positive that we do share a remarkably common value system that allows us to fruitfully pursue common political goals in harmony.

If, however, they get the very clear idea from the great bulk of Republican voters that Republicans will simply not vote for a Mormon, you can bet that some of these highly religious people will take that very seriously. That *would* lead a lot of them to believe that they were being used as a means to an end, and *nobody* likes to feel that way. I cannot think of a single reason that we would provoke this unnecessary fight.

I think that there are a lot of reasons that there are preferrable candidates to Mitt Romney in the Republican primary. The fact that he's a Mormon is not one of them. I'm quite sure that there are lots of Mormons I could support and vote for - one of them being Mitt Romney, if he does indeed win the nomination. My hope, during this upcoming election season, is that we can simply recognize this fact, and not force ourselves into an unnecessary discussion just because some pundits say that it's inevitable. I see no reason that we cannot all agree, at least in the context of a voting coalition, to respect the religious beliefs and sincerity of others, and remember that we all hold beliefs that would seem strange to an outsider.

However, I think a candidate's religious beliefs are an entirely appropriate subject for consideration. It's difficult to imagine anything more fundamental than a person's religious beliefs. As part, often an extremely large one, of a person's beliefs and values, it seems entirely relevant to think about and weigh a candidate's religious beliefs and consider how and to what extent those beliefs may influence the candidate. I think this applies to all candidates equally.

To some extent, it seems you agree, in that you believe it is fair to consider "whether we share a sufficiently overlapping set of values that would allow us to be in a voting coalition together." Personally, I don't know enough about Mormonism to speak intelligently on the issue. I will say, that I generally have a favorable impression of Mormons and that I agree with the points you make above. Thus, I suspect that Romney's Mormonism will either be a nonfactor or a slight positive for me.

Finally, whether or not there should be consideration of Romney's religious beliefs, I think it is highly likely there there will be. Polls have shown a substantial number of voter (something like 24%) would not vote for an otherwise qualified Mormon. I tend to distrust such polls because they're not tied to a particular candidate, but I'm not willing to dismiss them entirely. If Romney's Mormonism swings even a very small percentage of voters, then this may substantially reduce his electibility. To the extent that someone believes electability is an important consideration in choosing the nominee, this is a legitimate consideration.

I have huge problems, theologically, with LDS. Last time I looked, elected officials swear to "preserve and protect" the Constitution not the Bible, the Book of Mormon the Koran or anything else.

As long as a candidate can be convincing that they understand that their obligation is to the Constitution and that they will uphold that obligation faithfully, they deserve consideration.

Elections must be about real world, political issues.
____
Congressmen who willfully take actions during wartime that damage morale and undermine the military are saboteurs and should be arrested, exiled, or hanged.
J. Michael Waller

My sentiments exactly, and why this General Baptist pastor intends to vote for a Mormon candidate.

Also why I count among my friends Mormons, atheists, Catholics, Universalists, and others of whom I do not know their religious beliefs.

And why, despite our differences of opinions on who to support in the primary election (which will only last until February of 2008 at the longest), I hold much respect for you, Leon, and would be glad to count you as a friend as well.

--------
After the 2006 elections, al Qaeda released a statement saying they were happy Democrats won. That should tell you all you need to know.

Re: However, I think a candidate's religious beliefs are an entirely appropriate subject for consideration.

I don't entirely agree here. At least when we are talking about abstract theology I don't think it's a matter of importance in politics. What a person believes (or whether he even undestands) the Monophysite question, the dual procession of the Holy Spirit or justification sola fidei* has little or no nearing on his politics, as witness the fact that one can find Catholic, Protestant and Orthodox believers all over the map politically.
On moral questions, belief is a bit more topical to politics, and here I think the LDS is more or less on the same page as most traditional Christian churches, with at most minor differences of nuance, no greater than those that separate the major Christian churches on these issues already.

* These are all questions which in the past caused major and lasing divisions in the Christian Church, often with rather nasty pollitical results as well

Mike Gamecock DeVine @ The Charlotte Observer
"One man with courage makes a majority." - Andrew Jackson

while I don't think specific theological religious beliefs should be at issue, I do think shared values/worldview is something that is a legitimate consideration.

I don't care much about one's abstract theological positions. I still believe, however, that one's religious beliefs often inform and influence public decisions as well as saying something important about one's character.

needn't be judged and found wanting simply because Christians no longer accept Arian doctrine.

"During my lifetime, all our problems have come from mainland Europe, and all the solutions from the English-speaking nations across the world." - Thatcher

With all of the comments that everyone else has thoughfully left on this issue, that I truly believe that the main concern about Romney's faith is a manufactured concern that emerged from The New Republic and was also picked up on the pages of the Washington Post and the New York Times, and recently in his 8-minute grilling on Steph's program.

It seems to me at the first approximation that Romney is a fairly moderate, "non-evangelical" Mormon, but that certain quarters want to tie a lot of doubt around his neck because of it, especially regarding polygamy.

Of course, they could do much the same to any Roman Catholic by brining up the Crusades and the Inquisition, which in my opinion were pretty awful. Is Giuliani a Roman Catholic? What about Gingrich?

I don't even *know* those people's religious affiliations but if they sufficiently persuade me that they're worthy of the office, I'd vote for them.

That a much more important concern for me regarding Romney is what his internal concept of an "assault weapon" is than anything regarding his religious beliefs. And I'd also like to know more about his views on state-funded abortions and his general theory of how to reduce the size of government. Those things are about 1,000 times more important to me than his religious affiliation.

Anyone who read his book knows that George Stephanopoulos was an alterboy in his father's Greek Orthodox church. In fact, that early experience "behind the scenes" at the Mass was a major theme in his book: "All Too Human" -- with pictures and everything.

What if Stephanopoulos decided to run for President? Greek Orthodox is not exactly a mainstream religion in this country, except in certain wealthy circles in D.C.

Can be found here. George Steph. was Bill Clinton's stage manager and alterboy I think precisely because of his past experience in the Church.

And people are castigating Romney??????????????????????

with this comment? Are you trying to say there there is something "Clintonian" about the Greek Orthodox Church? Many Orthodox believers are nominal Democrats because of their ethnic roots (much as many people of Italian, Irish, Polish etc. descent are nominal Democrats). But I don't think there's any strong tendency toward liberalism among the Orthodox, and certainly not toward theological liberalism. This is church after all that still seriously debates questions (and, less fortunately, still holds some grudges) from the early days of the Byzantine Empire.
All in all, the Orthodox are no more "bizarre", and no more (politically) liberal, than the Roman Catholics. You will find us all over the map in our politics. Should an Orthodox believers run for president (I know, been there done that with Dukakis, but he was by all accounts a "Easter-and-Christmas only" Christian) I don't think the American people would find the faith all that strange of threatening. Theologically, as long as you don't get into the really high-level stuff, Orthodox teachings and practices are fairly standard.

In fact, just the opposite. I don't think Steph's religion should have anything to do with it, even though he was the one who made it an issue himself in his book, with the photographs of his father and his church. Admittedly, Stephanopoulous' book was part autobiography, partly a chronicle of his time with Clinton, and partly a critique of Clinton the man and the President, but I still fail to see why Romney's religion is becoming so much of an issue.

George Stephanopoulos deliberately put photographs of himself at his father's church in his book. He was also Bill Clinton's right-hand man and media spin doctor. And he made the implicit connection himself that his service as an altarboy, working behind the scenes, had at least a tenuous connection to his future service in the Clinton Administration. Bill Clinton said that "Nobody could do" what Stephanopoulos did for him.

All I'm asking for is a little bit of fairness. Romney's religion is becoming an issue primarily because the Democrats at the New Republic have siezed upon it as an issue. And Steph. can grill him for 1/3rd of his interview on Mormonsim. But very few people remember Stephanopoulos' clear and unambiguous references to his "ecclesiastical background" in his book.

I have nothing against the Greek Orthodox church. My uncle helped to build and refurbish one of the more spectacular examples in Washington, DC, as a matter of fact. I've been to Greek Easters at his home since I was a little boy, and I love both of them -- and I was present at my cousin's wedding in that Greek Orthodox church.

If someone wants to make hay about the religious affiliation of an important public figure, why isn't anyone talking about Charlie Rangle and his connections to the Church of Scientology? He's a very powerful man.

Too bad --- this is America, and we get to vote for whoever we want to, regardless of their religion. We can vote for a Catholic, Jew, Muslim, Methodist, Mormon, Baptist or anyone. Because we're supposed to have freedom of religion.

Now, I didn't know about Rangle's connections to the Church of Scientology -- wasn't that "religion" supposed to have been started by illegal space aliens ... ?

Moni.., I mean, the Whale swallowed

Jonah

Mike Gamecock DeVine @ The Charlotte Observer
"One man with courage makes a majority." - Andrew Jackson

about a candidate's political or moral views on polygamy. It should be legal anyway. I don't approve of it, but that's true of a lot of consensual practices that ought to be legal.

As a mormon I say thank you. As a Romney supporter I say that your comments were very gentleman-like of you.

www.mymanmitt.com

I don't think people should have to apologize for preferring a devout member of their own religion to someone else. Piety has long been considered a plus. Consider the advantages:

1) Agreement in the most fundamental ideals.
2) Any spiritual blessings you believe attach to the candidate.

Yet even if you can find a candidate pious in your tradition, that can't be the only consideration - far from it. A five year old child can be pious. That doesn't qualify him to rule. Thomas Jefferson's beliefs were so notorious that many feared they'd have to hide their Bibles. Yet he did all right.

I agree that discussion is pointless, but for different reasons. Any such preferences we might have in the primary are our own business. Religious differences don't make for polite conversation. In the general, it's not going to matter a feather's weight. I've a hard time believing people devoted enough to care are going to go for a pro-abortion, multiculturalist Democrat.

Not only with your sentiments regarding Romney and religion in politics, but also with this:

"Now, I'm not saying that it's a good idea for people of different religious persuasions to simply pretend that that their doctrinal differences do not exist - any of my fellow RedState editors can tell you that I've long argued that the current ecumenical trend is dangerous to the Christian faith as a whole - we have differences, we believe different things, and it is right to fight for and defend those beliefs. "

I agree that one's religion should have doctrinal beliefs, and that the holding of strong doctrinal beliefs should not be offensive to others. Nor should the holding of strong and conflicting doctrinal issues prevent friendship and co-operation.

All of us are different, we should not insist on sameness before we engage in society with one another.

If only we could freely express opinions and observations about racial and cultural differences as well.

I sincerely hope we are not confusing strong political leadership with the religious theology of each candidate's respective religious beliefs. Although Governor Romney has been the target of most of the criticism of his religion's beliefs, I believe that a more honest look at the three leading contenders for the GOP nomination should bring intense scrutiny upon former Mayor Rudy Giuliani. As a Roman Catholic, his public policy stands are in direct opposition to Church teaching, and in some cases are mutually exclusive with being a Roman Catholic.

Senator John McCain's brand of Christianity seems to be 'nominal' Christianity, and his views on abortion have been 'evolved'.

My point is that to scrutinize Governor Romney is to open the other two leading candidates for the GOP nomination to even more scathing criticism. As a Roman Catholic, I am much more uncomfortable with Mayor Giuliani distorting my faith with the schizophrenia between his private beliefs and his public actions.

The MSM is trying any and all means to turn Republican voters against Republican candidates. I would readily vote for McCain, Guiliani, Romney, Gingrich (and even Brownback) over any of the current crop of Democrat candidates. I would do so in spite of disagreeing with each of our candidates on various issues.

I hope the Republicans will do what Bill Richardson is asking the Democrats to do, specifically, not attack each other in the primaries. The MSM will do plenty to attack every Republican candidate without us eating our own.

The Mormon issue is just one more issue that the MSM is determined to beat to death to discourage Republican voters.

I'm supporting John Cox and I would agree that someone's personal faith is not a personal issue. I'm an Evangelical who's working for a Catholic. In my voting life, I've voted for a Jewish man for Governor, a Mormon for US Senator, and three times have supported Catholic presidential candidates.

There are serious issues with Romney's campaign and record, but let's leave his religion out of it and focus on the substance.

Idahoans for Cox
Adam's Blog
The Adam Graham Program

He made a run at the primary a few elections back. It is too bad he got so little support. Probably more the Senator thing than the Mormon thing.

Molon Labe!

non-Protestant religious affiliation hasn't proven particularly influential in presidents. As much as we honor JFK, he wasn't what you would call a model Catholic, and Nixon was hardly a paragon of Quaker virtue.

I don't think Romney's LDS membership will be any problem for his service, in the faint chance that he makes it to the general election.

lesterblog.blogspot.com

I hope I might be forgiven for repeating a thought I expressed on another blog that is more pertinent here.

I wholeheartedly agree that we are electing a President and not a pastor, and I don't have the slightest concern about a Mormon president imposing his doctrine on the rest of us. In any case, to the extent that he tried to use the office to promote Mormon theology, he wouldn't get very far, and judging from the Mormons I have known, to the extent that there is a "Mormon" set of cultural values, they are values that most of us would feel pretty comfortable with.

My reservation about Romney's Moromonism is a little different. I am intensely curious as to whether he believes in the literal truth of Mormonism and its claims of how it was founded - that the Angel Moroni presented the Book of Mormon was to Joseph Smith on gold plates which he translated with "seer stones" and had to do it over again after the first manuscript was "lost" only the second time it was different ... and so on.

Now, I think there's plenty of evidence (this only happened 180 years ago) that Smith made the whole thing up, and, to me, the Book of Mormon reads like an amateurish pastiche of the King James Bible.

The fraudulence of the exercise is so obvious to me that I would tend to doubt the critical faculties of someone who believed it to be literally true.

Which makes me curious about whether Mitt Romney does. I do think the ability to distinguish between fact and fiction does have a bearing on a person's qualification to be President.

Does anyone else share this view? A lot of other posters here (ie, all the Christian ones) must share my view that Joseph Smith's story is false. Does it affect your view of Romney if he believes it as literal truth?

Mitt and I have been discerning fact from fiction for years. I am a Christian that accepts the parts of the bible that are meant to be literal truths on faith, especially the part where mine and Mitt's saviour rose from the dead. A God that can create this world, become man via a virgin birth, and rise from the dead could do anything, including the events you describe in the Book of Mormon.

My problem is that democrats and john mccain belive man warms the earth so much that we can only solve the problem by divesting all our wealth to the UN.

Mike Gamecock DeVine @ The Charlotte Observer
"One man with courage makes a majority." - Andrew Jackson

A God who could become man and rise from the dead surely could do anything in the Book of Mormon or anything else He wanted to do. Hopefully we will all find out what He has actually done someday.

Maybe we should agree that the radical environmentalists are the "belief group" deserving are target.

http://michigandersforromney.com/

For instance, they might believe in a constitutional right to abortion. Now I know for SURE that that doesn't exist, whereas I can't be completely sure - not completely sure - that the Angel Moroni didn't hand those gold plates to Joseph Smith.

The point is, you don't believe those events actually happened, do you?

So I'm wondering how you process the possibility that your guy believes that these events took place 180 years ago, when the evidence has obviously led you to a contrary conclusion.

I mean, it's not like it would be a trivial thing if Joseph Smith's claims were true. If everyone is to be taken at their word, you believe that Romney is mistaken about the single most important (to him) factual judgment he has ever made.

I'm really curious why that doesn't affect your judgment about his qualification to be President.

(I'm honestly not trying to point score - I'm really curious about how people satisfy themselves on this point, which is kind of a big deal to my mind, the same way as it would be if he believed that, say, he was regularly visited by space aliens).

I was not present at the ressurection and belive on faith. I was present at a Kreskin performance and do not belive. I am a Bible Beleiving Christian. I accept no additions or subtractions from the canon based on the Bible's own testimony about itself. Books are required to explain this.

But my faith is in Jesus Christ and him crucified.

Mitt has faith that certain miraculous events occurred about which I do not have faith. Mitt also has a record of public servicethat seems to suggest he is able to discern fact from fiction in his public duties.

Mike Gamecock DeVine @ The Charlotte Observer
"One man with courage makes a majority." - Andrew Jackson

Ok, gamecock, I take your last point, but do the preceding seven sentences indicate that you accept a category of factual claims where actual evidence is irrelevant?

So, how do you distinguish Mitt Romney's "faith" (assuming it exists) that the Angel Moroni gave gold plates to Joseph Smith from the type of beliefs that would lead you to conclude that the person believing them wasn't able to properly evaluate facts?

For example, when you come across a person who believes that John Edwards (the TV verson) literally talks to dead people, don't you tend to mark them down as gullible and simple-minded? How do you distinguish?

Would you take the same view towards a Scientologist who was running for President?

directed to the dead person. My parents are deceased. Do you believe me? If so, I would not let that fact prevent me from voting for you.

I have never had a problem identifying the gullible and simple-minded. The unkept hair and gapped teeth usually give them away.

Mike Gamecock DeVine @ The Charlotte Observer
"One man with courage makes a majority." - Andrew Jackson

I just didn't expect them to hear me!

(I think I understand where you're coming from and I sense I'm on the verge of exhausting your patience, so let me just thank you for answering my questions).

we are dealing here with the matter of faith. And I am one that is very protective of correct doctrine within my church, denomination, and Christianity generally. But having attended a multi-denominational church, I see the practicality of denominations as that way the minor issues are settled and you can then concentrate on Go Ye.

I would also say that much of the bible's miracles do have evidence to support them beyond faith, but it still comes down to faith.

Let me also confess this. When someone tells me they are an atheist, I do think less of the person's intellect, judgment and mental health.

Why? And I think this goes to the crux of your question.

Because all men hear the still small voice. All men see the world and contemplate time and the beginning.

All men have seen dog poop and understood that it was created by a dog.

We see a universe. It was obviously created.

So when I consider the universe of people that believe in God and those that don't, I credit the believers.

I have not studied the specific beliefs of Mormons for many years. But my position on same is not that they can't be true, but that they are not true.

I am a Baptist. I believe what Baptists believe. I am under the authority of Scripture.

Mitt is under the Authority of other texts, but his behavior shows that such authority does not conflict with reality discernment in the here and now.

Mike Gamecock DeVine @ The Charlotte Observer
"One man with courage makes a majority." - Andrew Jackson

I found this a very interesting and honest comment:

Let me also confess this. When someone tells me they are an atheist, I do think less of the person's intellect, judgment and mental health.

...

Because all men hear the still small voice. All men see the world and contemplate time and the beginning.

As you know, I'm an atheist, but I know the small voice you speak of. It's just that I understand it as the product of an evolutionary process that has favored individuals with inquiring minds and a strong fear of death.

Mike Gamecock DeVine @ The Charlotte Observer
"One man with courage makes a majority." - Andrew Jackson

Mike Gamecock DeVine @ The Charlotte Observer
"One man with courage makes a majority." - Andrew Jackson

It is tempting to think that all people should think as I do. As it happens, I am an atheist, like you. Surely all intelligent people should be? Except that I try to judge by evidence. And the evidence is very clear. A great many intelligent people disagree with me on this. Just as many disagree with Gamecock, Mitt Romney, Thomas, and just about everyone else.

The fact is that the vast majority of intelligent, sane, people are wrong on matters of religion. They simply have to be, because intelligent sane people hold such a huge variety of views that all but a tiny minority must be wrong.

Quentin Langley
Editor of http://www.quentinlangley.net

International Editor of

Mike Gamecock DeVine @ The Charlotte Observer
"One man with courage makes a majority." - Andrew Jackson

The Devine GC understands that there are gradations of faith, acceptance, and trust. We tend to take other people's professions of faith at face value -- as professions. The truth or falsehood of the content of their faith is another matter entirely, but we accept the claim of belief.

And it is bad mojo to go poking at what you see as the inconsistencies of another man's religion. It's plainly bad form, and not prudent. Nothing good can come of it.

The hereto is not quite what I wanted to say, but it's bedtime. G'night.

The Academy: researching the Illiberal Arts

I'm curious if there is a line that you'd draw. I wonder if Gov. Romney's religion would get a "not to be discussed" request if he was a Scientologist or Hindu or Muslim.

That, Socrates, is an approach I can't take at face value. The claims of the various religions would, if true, be the most important facts known to humanity. I think they ought to be taken seriously, and therefore subject to the a level of scrutiny commensurate with their potential significance. I'd also observe that the most deeply religious people of my acquaintance have no qualms about discussing their beliefs: to the contrary, they generally welcome and enjoy it. After all, they are things that they have thought about deeply themselves and consider central to their understanding of the world.

When I see edicts such as yours, I can't help but suspect that it reflects, consciously or unconsciously, a feeling that religious beliefs don't actually stand up to close scrutiny, but that they are important to preserve for reasons other than their literal truth. That is a whole other debate, and by no means an illegitimate view, but it's one that I would rather have directly rather than be told to yield to it by biting my tongue concerning the truth of religious claims.

important claims to all men. WAY more important than politics. They concern the reason you were created and how you may receive the gift of eternal life as a son of your creator. This gift is above politics. I would love nothing more than share the Good News with you and try to answer your questions. I will only do so under two conditions:

1-It be done outside any discussion of any political candidate; and

2-You read "Mere Christianity" by CS Lewis first.

Start with this first chapter of a thin book and get back to me here or e-mail me:

The Law of Human Nature
From Mere Christianity by C S Lewis

Every one has heard people quarrelling. Sometimes it sounds funny and sometimes it sounds merely unpleasant; but however it sounds, I believe we can learn something very important from listening to the kind of things they say. They say things like this: 'How'd you like it if anyone did the same to you?' - 'That's my seat, I was there first' - 'Leave him alone, he isn't doing you any harm' - 'Why should you shove in first?' - 'Give me a bit of your orange, I gave you a bit of mine' - 'Come on, you promised.' People say things like that every day, educated people as well as uneducated, and children as well as grown-ups.

Now what interests me about all these remarks is that the man who makes them is not merely saying that the other man's behaviour does not happen to please him. He is appealing to some kind of standard of behaviour which he expects the other man to know about. And the other man very seldom replies: 'To hell with your standard.' Nearly always he tries to make out that what he has been doing does not really go against the standard, or that if it does there is some special excuse. He pretends there is some special reason in this particular case why the person who took the seat first should not keep it, or that things were quite different when he was given the bit of orange, or that something has turned up which lets him off keeping his promise. It looks, in fact, very much as if both parties had in mind some kind of Law or Rule of fair play or decent behaviour or morality or whatever you like to call it, about which they really agreed. And they have. If they had not, they might, of course, fight like animals, but they could not quarrel in the human sense of the word quarrelling means trying to show that the other man is in the wrong. And there would be no sense in trying to do that unless you and he had some sort of agreement as to what Right and Wrong are; just as there would be no sense in saying that a footballer had committed a foul unless there was some agreement about the rules of football.

Now this Law or Rule about Right and Wrong used to be called the Law of Nature. Nowadays, when we talk of the 'laws of nature' we usually mean things like gravitation, or heredity, or the laws of chemistry. But when the older thinkers called the Law of Right and Wrong 'the Law of Nature', they really meant the Law of Human Nature. The idea was that, just as all bodies are governed by the law of gravitation, and organisms by biological laws, so the creature called man also had his law - with this great difference, that a body could not choose whether it obeyed the law of gravitation or not, but a man could choose either to obey the Law of Human Nature or to disobey it.

We may put this in another way. Each man is at every moment subjected to several different sets of law but there is only one of these which he is free to disobey As a body, he is subjected to gravitation and cannot disobey it; if you leave him unsupported in mid-air, he has no more choice about falling than a stone has. As an organism, he is subjected to various biological laws which he cannot disobey any more than an animal can. That is, he cannot disobey those laws which he shares with other things; but the law which is peculiar to his human nature, the law he does not share with animals or vegetables or inorganic things, is the one he can disobey if he chooses.

This law was called the Law of Nature because people thought that every one knew it by nature and did not need to be taught it. They did not mean, of course, that you might not find an odd individual here and there who did not know it, just as you find a few people who are colour-blind or have no ear for a tune. But taking the race as a whole, they thought that the human idea of decent behaviour was obvious to every one. And I believe they were right. If they were not, then all the things we said about the war were nonsense. What was the sense in saying the enemy were in the wrong unless Right is a real thing which the Nazis at bottom knew as well as we did and ought to have practised. If they had had no notion of what we mean by right, then, though we might still have had to fight them, we could no more have blamed them for that than for the colour of their hair.

I know that some people say the idea of a Law of Nature or decent behaviour known to all men is unsound, because different civilisations and different ages have had quite different moralities.

But this is not true. There have been differences between their moralities, but these have never amounted to anything like a total difference. If anyone will take the trouble to compare the moral teaching of, say, the ancient Egyptians, Babylonians, Hindus, Chinese, Greeks and Romans, what will really strike him will be how very like they are to each other and to our own. Some of the evidence for this I have put together in the appendix of another book called The Abolition of Man; but for our present purpose I need only ask the reader to think what a totally different morality would mean. Think of a country where people were admired for running away in battle, or where a man felt proud of double-crossing all the people who had been kindest to him. You might just as well try to imagine a country where two and two made five. Men have differed as regards what people you ought to be unselfish to - whether it was only your own family, or your fellow countrymen, or every one. But they have always agreed that you ought not to put yourself first. Selfishness has never been admired. Men have differed as to whether you should have one wife or four. But they have always agreed that you must not simply have any woman you liked.

But the most remarkable thing is this. Whenever you find a man who says he does not believe in a real Right and Wrong, you will find the same man going back on this a moment later. He may break his promise to you, but if you try breaking one to him he will be complaining 'It's not fair' before you can say Jack Robinson. A nation may say treaties don't matter; but then, next minute, they spoil their case by saying that the particular treaty they want to break was an unfair one. But if treaties do not matter, and if there is no such thing as Right and Wrong - in other words, if there is no Law of Nature - what is the difference between a fair treaty and an unfair one? Have they not let the cat out of the bag and shown that, whatever they say, they really know the Law of Nature just like anyone else?

It seems, then, we are forced to believe in a real Right and Wrong. People may be sometimes mistaken about them, just as people sometimes get their sums wrong; but they are not a matter of mere taste and opinion any more than the multiplication table. Now if we are agreed about that, I go on to my next point, which is this. None of us are really keeping the Law of Nature. If there are any exceptions among you, I apologise to them. They had much better read some other book, for nothing I am going to say concerns them. And now, turning to the ordinary human beings who are left:

I hope you will not misunderstand what I am going to say. I am not preaching, and Heaven knows I do not pretend to be better than anyone else. I am only trying to call attention to a fact; the fact that this year, or this month, or, more likely, this very day, we have failed to practise ourselves the kind of behaviour we expect from other people. There may be all sorts of excuses for us. That time you were so unfair to the children was when you were very tired. That slightly shady business about the money - the one you have almost forgotten - came when you were very hard-up. And what you promised to do for old So-and-so and have never done - well, you never would have promised if you had known how frightfully busy you were going to be. And as for your behaviour to your wife (or husband) or sister (or brother) if I knew how irritating they could be, I would not wonder at it - and who the dickens am I, anyway? I am just the same. That is to say, I do not succeed in keeping the Law of Nature very well, and the moment anyone tells me I am not keeping it, there starts up in my mind a string of excuses as long as your arm. The question at the moment is not whether they are good excuses. The point is that they are one more proof of how deeply, whether we like it or not, we believe in the Law of Nature. If we do not believe in decent behaviour, why should we be so anxious to make excuses for not having behaved decently. The truth is, we believe in decency so much - we feel the Rule of Law pressing on us so - that we cannot bear to face the fact that we are breaking it, and consequently we try to shift the responsibility. For you notice that it is only for our bad behaviour that we find all these explanations. It is only our bad temper that we put down to being tired or worried or hungry; we put our good temper down to ourselves.

These, then, are the two points I wanted to make. First, that human beings, all over the earth, have this curious idea that they ought to behave in a certain way, and cannot really get rid of it. Secondly, that they do not in fact behave in that way. They know the Law of Nature; they break it. These two facts are the foundation of all clear thinking about ourselves and the universe we live in.

Mike Gamecock DeVine @ The Charlotte Observer
"One man with courage makes a majority." - Andrew Jackson

GC, I will read that book as soon as I find the time (I found it online). Will let you know when I'm done.

I wouldn't hold out too much hope, though, at least based on the first chapter. Although they remain somewhat speculative, I'm much more convinced by evolutionary explanations for moral feeling than I am by the idea that they must be devinely inspired. I can't help feeling that that idea is only convincing if you already believe in the existence of a god. If you see no other evidence of a deity, I don't see how the existence of morality has any real explanatory power with respect to the central question.

In fact, CS Lewis argues that God's work thru thru the Holy Spirit is evolutionary, ie to chage us into Godly creatures

Mike Gamecock DeVine @ The Charlotte Observer
"One man with courage makes a majority." - Andrew Jackson

between discussing GC's faith with GC, and you and I doing it. We'll almost certainly be wrong, as qlangley suggests.

So for us to try to pick apart Mitt Romney, and how orthodox he is, fails the diminishing returns test.

The Academy: researching the Illiberal Arts

While the GOP may or may not have this religious qualifier debate; Let me look into the crystal ball and predict what a Mitt Romney primary/general election might look like . . .

The MSM: The MSM will pound the religious issue, there are some interesting (and strange) historical/other items that most of America does not know about the Mormons and will find out during the primary or the general. The underwear thing, the Jesus thing, the multiple wives thing (still practiced here and there), The Utah alcohol laws (are you a member?) the bible issue, CAN ALL BE PRESENTED IN A VERY NEGATIVE WAY TO THE GENERAL POPULATION. To someone who knows little, the religion can be painted in bizarre terms - and attached to Mitt. That is what the MSM will do.

The Left: I think we all know what they have planned, another massive web based attack and miss direction from moveon' and their ilk, (Mitt was a polygamist etc etc etc) Maybe even have some bimbo come out and say she was in Mitt's harem.

The Evangelicals: As one myself, we will have to come together and vote more on "political" issues as opposed to "social/religious" issues - some evangelicals have a hard time doing something they feel is somehow wrong (the lowest common denominator problem) - we voted for Bush in big numbers in 2000 because we believed he was a true "Born Again" (and please don't dismiss this voter block - about 50-60 million voter aged Americans consider themselves significantly Christian and will vote on those terms; if we actually vote as a block every election is ours - period. We just don't vote enough!) Romney will have to invigorate these Christians in a religious way to GOTReligiousV. Wish I could help him - perhaps a strong conservative running mate chosen early, like Santorum or Brownback if it plays out that way, could fire up the evangelical base.

The non-Evangelical Moderates: This is Romney's to take or not, he has that twinkle in his eye, a very good MASS record and I think he could win them - especially over Hillary.

As for the debate, Mr. Wolf's points are right on, but I see opportunity, unification, and therefore MOMENTUM earned by bringing the religious questions forward early and rallying around the commonalities.

to Mitt's ticket might help with the GOTReligiousV but at a huge cost amongst those with have an oldfashioned view that religious beliefs are a private virtue.
And to the increasing number who are skeptical of faith-based policy making. Religious tolerance for most means religion kept at a healthy distance from the daily administration of government.

I think there are plenty of reasons to vote or not vote for Romney and religion on the specific case of Romney is not one of them.

I do believe when it comes to the general election some would be hesitant to vote for Romney, especially in the southeast Bible belt were many consider Mormonism a cult.

 
Redstate Network Login:
(lost password?)


©2008 Eagle Publishing, Inc. All rights reserved. Legal, Copyright, and Terms of Service