On The Empire Striking Back

By Pejman Yousefzadeh Posted in | | | Comments (20) / Email this page » / Leave a comment »

It comes as no surprise that in the wake of Barack Obama's impressive win in Iowa--and Hillary Clinton's attendant stunning loss--that many pundits are now talking of an Obama nomination with the same tone of inevitability that they reserved for Hillary Clinton's once-certain nomination. There can be no doubt that the Clinton campaign has suffered a tremendous blow. But nothing on the Democratic side has been settled and while Obama has gone a long way towards getting the nomination, he likely still faces what is very much an uphill fight.

First of all, the contest between Clinton and Obama is in keeping with a very familiar pattern to Democratic nominating contests. These contests almost invariably come down to a struggle for the nomination between (a) The Machine Candidate and (b) The Idealistic Insurgent. Equally invariably, The Machine Candidate wins.

Read on . . .

Consider the following Democratic nomination contests:

1980. Machine Candidate: Incumbent President Jimmy Carter. Idealistic Insurgent: Senator Edward Kennedy (former California Governor Jerry Brown was also a candidate for the nomination, it should be noted). Despite tremendous excitement over the fact that another Kennedy was seeking the Presidency, Carter crushed Kennedy using the powers of his office and his control over the Democratic Party to ruthlessly out-organize Kennedy in primaries and caucuses.

1984. Machine Candidate: Former Vice President Walter Mondale. Idealistic Insurgent: Senator Gary Hart. Despite Hart's "new ideas" theme--a theme that did lead him to some surprising victories over Mondale--Mondale was ultimately able to take the Democratic Presidential nomination in relatively decisive fashion.

(1988 was an outlier nomination contest, as there was no major Machine Candidate. Hart may have played that role, but he was forced out early thanks to rumors of an extramarital relationship between him and Donna Rice.)

1992. Machine Candidate: Governor Bill Clinton. Idealistic Insurgent: Former Senator Paul Tsongas. According to The Quest For The Presidency, Clinton was angry over the fact that Tsongas was the "new ideas" candidate who was the favorite of the NPR crowd and he sought in some way to be the Idealistic Insurgent because it played to his self-conception as a candidate of fresh and bold initiatives. His advisers warned him off that route. While the "New Democrat" theme pursued by Clinton was a break with tradition, it nevertheless represented a Machine reaction to Tsongas's calls for fiscal restraint and his derision of Clinton as a "pander bear" for his (according to Tsongas) dramatically large spending priorities. The Clinton campaign accused Tsongas of not wanting to provide for Democratic spending priorities sufficiently (deficit hawkism did not permeate the  Clinton inner circle until after the 1992 election).

2000. Machine Candidate: Vice President Al Gore. Idealistic Insurgent: Former Senator Bill Bradley. Bradley had Gore worried for a little bit but Gore decisively won the Iowa Caucus and then defeated Bradley in New Hampshire. Bradley dropped out immediately thereafter.

In 2008, The Machine Candidate is quite clearly Hillary Clinton. The Idealistic Insurgent is Obama. Indeed, Clinton and Obama may be said to be archetypes of The Machine Candidate and The Idealistic Insurgent, respectively. The past is not always prologue, but if the past is any guide, Obama still has a lot to worry about.

Even if we put the past aside, we ought to consider that Clinton has a lot of staying power. Her war chest remains huge. Her Establishment backing is impressive and intimidating, and of course, the Establishment has no vested interest whatsoever in seeing its preferred candidate losing the nomination contest, for that loss may signify the need of the Establishment to give way to Obama's movement. The compressed primary/caucus season means that there are fewer and more compressed breaks between contests that would allow for a decent and reasonable interval for a candidate with Clinton's stature to fall on her sword and surrender the nomination to Obama. The 42nd President of the United States is, of course, heavily invested in this fight and as the first Democratic President since FDR to win re-election, Bill Clinton is not going to want to see the voters give his wife the thumbs-down in what amounts, in many ways, to a referendum on his Presidency. Add to all of this the fact that the words "Clintons" and "give up power without a fight" really don't belong in the same sentence, and you begin to understand the enormity of the task still facing Obama.

I don't underestimate the impact of Iowa. Not one little bit. It represents the most catastrophic defeat any of the Clintons have suffered in an election cycle that had them on the ballot. At the same time, there is no death rattle emanating from the Clinton campaign. The Clintons have only begun to fight, and it is far from inconceivable that at the end of the day, Hillary Clinton will achieve the Democratic Presidential nomination.

Whether that nomination is worth having after a long and protracted struggle is another question. But Barack Obama shouldn't be writing his acceptance speech just yet. His task may well remain far more Sisyphean than Hillary Clinton's is.

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On The Empire Striking Back 20 Comments (0 topical, 20 editorial, 0 hidden) Post a comment »

I have no doubt that Hillary is the big deal in the democratic race but Obama has one advantage over Hillary which is the fact that he is not nearly as hated/dreaded as Hillary. I dont doubt that Obama would also stand a better chance at getting the independant vote than Hillary would.

Veritas vos liberabit - The truth will set you free

As a conservative, I think this is going to be kind of fun... watching Clinton, Inc tear into Obama. And not just the pure joy that comes from watching democrats try to emolate each other... It will be fun to see how the "black leadership" comes down on this... Obama may not be their first choice, but he IS a black man running for President of the United States... Clinton, Inc. had best be careful, lest they alienate the black vote...

You really can't class incumbents as machine candidates. Even without the advantage of the party machine they are playing on a different level than a challenger. In general it needs something colossal to dislodge them. Witness Lieberman vs whats his name ? Lament ?

Gary hart wasn't done in by the machine. He was done in by being an obvious idiot.1988 made plain to everybody not already in the know just how big an idiot he was. Also he was running not so much on new ideas as being younger and more telegenic than Mondale. Pretty certain either one would have been slaughtered by Reagan, of course not everybody could make raising taxes their key platform plank.

Tsongas was kind of laughable no matter what. Witness as you point out he was the darling of the NPR crowd. Its only in the Post Moveon (PM) times that they have gained the ascendancy they have.

Gore had more appeal to the lefty Dems than the more centrist Bradley. Gore also had more name recognition.

Its more the case that that after a nominee is selected that the machine is easily able to assimilate them. The very process of running the campaign starts the assimilation. They surround themselves with political consultants, campaign advisers. By the time they get to the convention they are machine candidates.

Oh on the republican side there is my favorite example of the Idealistic candidate beating the machine. Lets just say I still like Ike. Taft was the machine candidate and a long time Republican political figure.
______________________________
"Those who expect to reap the blessings of freedom must, like men, undergo the fatigue of supporting it."
-Thomas Paine: The American Crisis, No. 4, 1777

My meaning is that if Clinton, Inc. does what they would normally do to an opponent: lie, cheat, steal, character destruction, etc... using their normal techniques (including, but not limited to making up scandals, accusations of everything under the sun, bald-faced lies about a person), which they have already tried to a small extent with the "did Obama sell cocaine" and "Obama is a muslim" issues, St Hilary might find herself with the democrat nomination, but with a significant part of the party base very angry at her... which could have serious repercussions on down-ticket races... say that the African-American vote for the democrat ticket is 55% instead of the normal 80%+... what does that mean for races like the Louisiana senate seat, or many southern house seats where 2-year old incumbents who barely won in 2006 are now missing a significant part of their voters? I'm not in any way saying black voters would only vote for Obama... I don't believe that at all... but IF Obama is savaged by Hilary's campaign and/or surrogates, she, who has huge negative polling in the first place, might end up tearing down the whole democrat coalition... maybe it's wishful thinking... but it's a possibility...

...would eventually be done by the Republican nominee, so it's not a matter of IF, just WHEN.

If she doesn't throw everything and the kitchen sink now... we'll see it later, so from my perspective I'd love to see her empty the closet before Obama is officially our candidate.

Go look at what's happening to her on Kos right now... she's being savaged as the enemy... so I can't see how she finds her way back, but Bill Clinton was in a much worse situation in 1992 and he found a path forward... maybe she will to.

..make a lot of noise, but thus far have not been proven to move votes and win elections. She has never been liked by that group, so that's not really anything new.

I think a better analogy would be Hubert Humphrey (Hillary) vs. Eugene McCarthy (Obama). All the youthful idealistic passion was on McCarthy's side, yet the establishment/machine candidate ended up winning in the end.

“.....women and minorities hardest hit”

considering he pulled in 42% of the vote.

"A man can never have too much red wine, too many books, or too much ammunition." -- Rudyard Kipling

This is very very thin ice for the Hillaryites, and they had better be careful. The difference between Obama and other black candidates (Jackson and Sharpton) is that he has a definite likeability factor, especially for those peope that really want to change the powerbrokers. So, although I'm keenly aware of how vicious the Clintons can be, they also need to be cognizant of the fact that, at this point, if the crap flies (and it will) it will not be hard to find the source and that could backfire, big time. This will be a very interesting dynamic to watch. P.S. How funny is that Hillary thought the idea of change was to offer new and expensive programs; whereas Obama's idea of change is to rid the executive suite of the baby boomers and give gen xers a chance.

...the aggrieved constituency - most obviously women and African Americans, but also some subordinate groups - will be worth looking to for future tactical adjustments. The most obvious would be in selection of a VP candidate, but the appearance of tokenism may cause such a move to backfire. Whatever the means, a concerted effort to win over women voters or further alienate them from Democrats in case of an Obama victory, or African Americans in case of a Hillary comeback, might be very worth the effort, and more so than in prior cycles. Some starry-eyed idealists are going to find themselves very frustrated in a couple of months.

Republican interests and Hillary's partly coincide at the moment: Even if she goes down in flames, we can hope that, in addition to mauling Obama personally, she pins him down on policy in a way that he's been trying to avoid. I heartily applaud her campaign's suggestion to New Hampshire voters that they ask Obama about the issues. Just raising the question underlines how far he's gotten on the basis of a big smile and platitudinous happy talk.

...one thing we know for sure is that Hillary isn't going down without a long, bitter fight. She has the cash and organization to stay in this thing until the convention.

“.....women and minorities hardest hit”

But Bill Clinton wasn't the "machine candidate" in 1992. I'm not sure there really was one that year. My recollection is that a lot of top Dems avoided the race on the early assumptions that GHWB would be tough to beat.

By the time it became apparent that he was in trouble, it was too late for them to get back in.

Bill Clinton was the youthful, hopeful insurgent that year. The DC outsider, known only for his rousing convention speech.

Of course, that's no longer true. The Clintons define "machine" nowadays. But we're a long way from 1992.

...and Kerry v. Dean in 2004.

I also think Obama is still probably the underdog, the new media narrative and the hopes of tens of millions notwithstanding. But has the "idealist" candidate ever appealed to independents and centrists so much? I don't think so. That's the main difference that favors Obama over history, I think.

It's certainly what made Iowa a blow-out. If he'd been the liberal "idealist" candidate he would've lost Iowa, which is why Clinton is trying to frame him as liberal right now in NH. We'll see if that works for her where nothing else has.

(-2.75, -4.92)

Surely you cannot be referring to Bill's 1988 snoozer. I'll agree with you that Bill was widely known for the speech, but it was rousing only in the sense that people were getting up and going outside to watch downtown Atlanta traffic. The speech was widely panned, even by the Atlanta Journal Constitution, as I recall. I was still a Dem at the time, but by 1992 I was a Republican, and I was amazed that this boring stage-hog was a serious contender for the nomination. So were many of my Dem friends. Wow. I guess that speech has been successfully spun into the hagiography.

I think there are a few exceptions to this analysis, though it certainly has been correct several times before, the following recent exceptions are worthy of note.

1976, Carter was not the machine candidate.

And, I'm going to have to respectfully disagree the classification of 1992 Clinton as the machine candidate; he may have not been the idealistic upstart, but I don't think he had the backing of the national democrat establishment in the primary.

I am not a regular listener of Michael Savage but I did have him on in my car the night after the Iowa fiasco. He was insisting that there were a ton of college students who did not live in Iowa but did vote in the caucus because of the weird rules that allowed such things to happen.
His point being that Obama's numbers were not truly reflective of the State of Iowa.
He was also castigating Obama for encouraging them to do so.

Obama skewed the caucus by inviting out-of-state students back to caucus, who are unlikely to vote in Iowa for two reasons.

Students don't show up at the polls.
They're not Iowa residents nor likely to be.

So comparing the recent results to previous elections won't work. All this was was PR fodder.

Now Clinton is stuck between a rock and a hard spot. She can do everything above and below board to tear down Obama and possibly cut off the Democratic candidate at the knees.

Or keep to the high road and just try and differentiate the two which will seem weak and diluted and, almost, Obama'ish.

We're about to see a pulic display of just how egocentric the Clintons are.

I think the real victim in this is the PR bubble around the 'Clinton' political machine, blocking them from remaining a major force in future elections. The Clintons are heavily dependent on influencing a few deep pocket donors to keep their throne. If it appears that they can't deliver results they'll lose that influence.

That's why the Republicans are so smart to differentiate on smaller issues and remain lockstep on the larger ones. Infighting now would just hurt perception among independent voters in the general election.

My problem with the analysis is not historical. I think you have accurately recorded the past campaigns. My problem is that none of the past Machine Candidates were as despised among Democrats as Hillary. She has not captured hearts and minds in her party. Instead, her inevitability is based (almost) completely on her Stalinistic control of the machine. A lot of Democrats don't like that. A lot of Democrats.

She and Bill have ruthlessly controlled the machine, combining the Iron Fist and the Velvet Glove. And she ain't the Velvet Glove.

The idea of inevitability lasted longer with the Democrats than it did with Republicans. Initially, McCain was the Inevitable Republican. The mantle almost moved to Romney because he had the money and organization.

Democrats had to wait for Iowa of the Inevitability Cloak to drop a bit for Hillary. It may have only fluttered and not actually dropped, but her well-documented lack of warmth OR scruples doesn't play well. Her willingness to personally stoop to slime her opponents reveals her pettiness. And her voting record on Iraq has left her very vulnerable in the Party.

In the campaigns that you discussed, I can see only one campaign where the Machine Candidate had serious negatives going into the election, and that was the 1980 Carter campaign. His loss was pretty much assumed because of fuel prices and inflation. Kennedy offered himself as a not-so-serious alternative. The problem was that Kennedy had/has very serious negatives for the Kopechne problem, which had happened only 11 years earlier in 1969. 11 years was not enough to rehabilitate Kennedy. (Hopefully, 38 years is not enough time to rehabilitate him. Politically, that is. He can quit drinking any time.) So his negatives were greater than Carter's.

But I think you're right. Obama has to do something pretty darned spectacular to overcome the Clinton control of the machine. It may be possible to do that, since Hillary's negatives are so significant.

Here's another thought: The Machine is uncertain, and therefore not easily controlled.

Do Dems continue to condemn the war in Iraq because they feel that it is immoral? It has become a loser for everyone except Democrats.

Was the immoral issue only significant because it looked like Bush was vulnerable? It certainly is less significant now that Iraq is going well, and Bush is much stronger vis a vis the vetos.

Can the party continue to alienate the citizenry by looking weak on defense? A lot of folks are concerned about a nuclear Iran.

Does the party continue to alienate the citizenry by threatening to increase taxes to pay for programs that the citizens don't really want? SCHIP showed the Dems that they cannot assume that the nation is willing to go socialist.

And let's not ignore the push/pull of illegal immigration.

If the Machine was healthy, would Pelosi and Reid have the most visible leadership positions in Congress? Maybe not. Perhaps the IQ requirements would be a tad bit higher.

I would like to see a similar analysis of Republicans. I don't think the Machine is quite as powerful in the Republican party, Reagan 1980 being the most notable exception. But evangelical Christians are a voting block that keeps the Wall Street/Main Street Machine from dominating the elections. But the evangelicals have shown no interest in creating their own machine.

I'm surprised you left this one out, as it seems to be the epitome of what you're talking about.

I meant to include it and completely forgot. Of course, you are entirely right.

"At times one remains faithful to a cause only because its opponents do not cease to be insipid." --Friedrich Nietzsche

 
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